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Several industrial and commercial buildings can reach heights of more than sixty stories. Apparently, when these buildings are being constructed, they need equally tall cranes to be able to transport the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes which have their own vehicle connected or other kinds which are operated from the rear of trucks. Tower cranes are the biggest types available on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. Wherever new construction like for instance apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like shopping center are being constructed, chances are a crane would be on site.
Types
The two key kinds of cranes can be differentiated by the way in which their boom or jib raises supplies. The jib is the metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it lifts things. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could range from 30 pounds to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The crane's body is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of separate parts. In order to increase the overall height of the machine, sections are added. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The crane driver works from inside of the tower.
Lift
To lift materials, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the boom or jib from a motor situated next to the control module. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy supplies are lifted.
The hydraulic truck crane is a particular mobile crane that utilizes hydraulic power to raise and transport thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are very essential in building major projects like for example bridges, airports, buildings and roadways. A crane can accomplish in minutes tasks which would normally take lots of hours and hundreds of men to accomplish.
These impressive machinery have played a very important role in building cities, houses, individual buildings and entire nations throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids within Egypt were likely constructed using basic cranes to allow the heaviest supplies in one of the most remarkable construction projects ever.
The first cranes were established in 3000 B.C. Egypt during King Ramses'' reign. This lifting device was originally utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These mechanism were used to build an entire country during the 5th century B.C.
Initially, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers constructing dockyards decided they needed something stronger and bigger did these machines evolve. Hick & Rothwell developed the first cast iron cranes in Bolton, England, during 1834. This machinery was capable of lifting as much as 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition enabled cranes to have a larger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
Ultimately, the wire ropes were weaved together in order to form an even more powerful strength. This wire formation also brought the added advantage of flexibility. Germany started to make cast iron cranes 4 years later. The very first cast iron crane built by Germany was built within Neuburg.
